Industrial robots designed to safely collaborate with humans in the same workspace. Unlike conventional industrial robots, these are designed to work directly with humans without safety barriers, equipped with standard safety features including force limiting functions, collision detection sensors, and speed limiting capabilities. They are utilized in processes requiring human dexterity and judgment, such as automotive parts assembly, precision work on electronic devices, and picking operations for food and pharmaceuticals. Representative products include FANUC CR series, KUKA iiwa, ABB YuMi, and Universal Robots UR series. Implementation is advancing in mixed-model variable-volume production and complex assembly processes where complete automation was previously difficult, achieving improved manufacturing flexibility and reduced worker burden.