Basic fastener components for fastening and fixing parts of machinery and equipment. Includes hex bolts, cap screws, tapping screws, hex nuts, flange nuts, washers, etc. Used for assembly and maintenance of manufacturing equipment, fixture and mold fixing, and machine part installation. Materials include stainless steel, carbon steel, alloy steel with strength grades (4.8, 8.8, 10.9) and surface treatments (zinc plating, chromate) selected according to application. Primarily standard products compliant with JIS and ISO standards, supporting wide size range from M3 to M30. Distinguished from permanent fastening components like rivets and pins, designed for removable fastening purposes.