Category for specialized equipment that measures and analyzes thermal properties of materials. Includes Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA), Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA), Thermomechanical Analyzer (TMA), Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA), and others. Precisely measures thermal properties such as melting point, glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature, thermal decomposition temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, and specific heat of plastics, metals, ceramics, and composite materials. Used for material development, quality control, and product design. Essential analytical equipment for material selection, processing condition optimization, and thermal stability evaluation of products in manufacturing industries.