Subcategory of cushioning materials for protecting products and parts from impact and vibration during transportation and storage in manufacturing. Includes bubble wrap, expanded polystyrene, urethane foam, paper-based cushioning materials, and air cushions used for packaging precision parts and finished products. Handles various shapes and materials of cushioning materials for inter-process transportation of mechanical parts, anti-static measures for electronic components, and securing/protecting heavy items, achieving both product quality maintenance and transportation cost reduction. Distinguished from cardboard boxes and packaging films, limited to protective materials specialized in shock absorption and vibration suppression functions.