Specialized testing equipment for evaluating and measuring strength and deformation characteristics of materials and products. Includes tensile testing machines, compression testing machines, bending testing machines, fatigue testing machines, creep testing machines, hardness testers, etc., for quantitative measurement of mechanical properties of metals, resins, ceramics, composite materials. Essential equipment for quality control, material development, and safety evaluation in product design, capable of conducting tests compliant with JIS, ASTM, ISO standards. Distinguished from simple dimensional measuring instruments or non-destructive testing equipment by applying actual loads to materials for testing involving destruction or deformation.