Specialized equipment category for measuring and evaluating physical and chemical properties of materials and products. Includes measurement instruments for quantitatively understanding material characteristics in quality control and research development, such as hardness testers, tensile testing machines, thermal analysis equipment, viscometers, density meters, and surface roughness measuring instruments. Essential equipment group for quality assurance in manufacturing processes, new material development, and product specification verification, capable of measurements compliant with JIS and ISO standards. Distinguished from general measuring tools and environmental monitoring equipment, specialized in measuring material-specific physical property values.